1 Samuel 1:19

Authorized King James Version

And they rose up in the morning early, and worshipped before the LORD, and returned, and came to their house to Ramah: and Elkanah knew Hannah his wife; and the LORD remembered her.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ
And they rose up
literally, to load up (on the back of man or beast), i.e., to start early in the morning
#2
בַבֹּ֗קֶר
in the morning
properly, dawn (as the break of day); generally, morning
#3
וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙
and worshipped
to depress, i.e., prostrate (especially reflexive, in homage to royalty or god)
#4
לִפְנֵ֣י
before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#5
יְהוָֽה׃
and the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#6
וַיָּשֻׁ֛בוּ
and returned
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
#7
וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ
and came
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#8
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#9
בֵּיתָ֖ם
to their house
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
#10
הָֽרָמָ֑תָה
to Ramah
ramah, the name of four places in palestine
#11
וַיֵּ֤דַע
knew
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#12
אֶלְקָנָה֙
and Elkanah
elkanah, the name of several israelites
#13
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#14
חַנָּ֣ה
Hannah
channah, an israelitess
#15
אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ
his wife
a woman
#16
וַֽיִּזְכְּרֶ֖הָ
remembered
properly, to mark (so as to be recognized), i.e., to remember; by implication, to mention; to be male
#17
יְהוָֽה׃
and the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 1 Samuel. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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